| Monday, 04.29.2024, 7:07 PM Welcome Guest | ||||||||||
My site |
 |
|||||||||
| Home | Sign Up | Log In | RSS | ||||||||||
|
The steering mechanism
The steering mechanism provides the rotation of the driven wheels with little effort on the steering wheel that has been reached- is by increasing the gear ratio of the steering mecha- resource. The steering mechanism includes: • steering pair (sometimes called steering gear), housed in the casing; • steering shaft, based on the layout of the steering the mechanism may consist of two or three parts, connect cardan joints; • the steering wheel. Steering mechanisms depending on the type of steering ne the transmission is divided into: • gear; • worm: • screw; • crank. Gear steering mechanisms are reducer of gear wheels (rarely used) or in the form a pair of pinion and rack. Rack and pinion steering mechanisms increasingly the use of on passenger cars- the mobiles small class environments- him and even more classes. The advantages of rack and pinion ru- left mechanisms are simplicity and compactness con- instruction. Such a mechanism without the amplifier it is advisable to us- stop only for passenger cars of small class- sa, as in this case, the shocks from the road on the steering wheel- the new wheel is to some extent absorbed as a result friction of the slats and metal-ceramic stop. Passenger cars of higher class required steering Wuxi the piece that absorbs the shocks. Worm steering mechanisms are used as easily- o, and on trucks and buses. The lar- neck the spread of the worm-and-roller mechanisms we (rear-wheel drive models .). On some cars install worm-steering spheroidally me- mechanisms with lateral sector. Tie in a pair of this type provides enough low pressure on the teeth during PE- reduce much effort. Screw steering mechanisms have different design structural design: • ventricaria ("screw — nut — lever", "kachuma- yasya screw and nut, screw and nut swinging"); • venturiaceae. Ventricaria steering mechanisms currently rarely used, as the wear of the pair to compensate for- schedule adjustment is not possible. Widely used on trucks all the ti Wops and buses ventureone steering mechanisms, including screw, ball nut-rail sector, integrally formed with the shaft the bipod. On the number of cars in real time max used ventureone mechanisms, in which the teeth cut parallel to the axis of the shaft the Pitman arm, that is have no wedge-shaped. Crank the steering mechanisms are rela- relatively rarely. Adesioye steering mechanisms up to the mid- us 40-ies installed on trucks ZIS. Dvuhtumbovye steering mechanisms allow to increase the angle of rotation of the shaft the Pitman arm and to reduce pressure on the spine. Steering mechanisms of this type can be adjustable. Collapsible steering mechanisms are one from the elements of passive safety of the car. Steering the mechanism can cause serious injury drive- La in a frontal collision of vehicle with obstacle. When you collapse the front of the car the whole steering mecha- mechanism is moved to the driver's side. The driver can of injury even when different moving forward collision. Therefore, the steering gear housing are located lag in a place like this, where the deformation in a collision will be the least. There are various designs of collapsible steering mechanisms. The main requirement to them — now the reduction of impact, causing injury to the driver. To give steering mechanisms are safety properties set nalivayut steering wheel with recessed hub and with two spokes, which can significantly reduce the severity of a nano- independent of impact damage. In addition to this set special energy absorbing element. The steering mechanism of the vehicle with- consists of three parts connected by the cardan joints. When any blow steering shaft is formed. When this is moved of the upper part of the steering gear inside the cabin little significant and is accompanied by a certain absorption of energy impact on the deformation of the bracket of the steering shaft. Car energy absorbing element collapsible steering is a rubber coupling that is attached between the upper and lower parts of steering shaft. In a number of foreign energy absorbing structures element of the steering mechanism is a bellows, connecting the steering wheel with the steering shaft, or the shaft itself in the upper part is perforated Trou Boo. Some find the use of energy-absorbing elements. cops steering mechanisms ("Japanese lantern"), in which two parts of the steering shaft are connected by several such longitudinal plates, welded to the ends of the light changed shafts and deformable at impact. The steering actuator includes: • steering transmission; • link and steering rod connecting the steering mechanism with ru- left transmission; • the power steering. Collapsible steering mechanism has a car 1 — a flange; 2 — safety plate; 3 — rubber coupling Collapsible steering mechanisms Collapsible steering mechanisms: but — with energy-absorbing bellows; b — with a perforated tubular steering shaft The transverse rod is made of seamless steel pipe, threaded on the ends of which are falling NACO- aczniki with ball rings. The length of the transverse thrust must be regulated, as it determines similar- Barcelona wheels. With independent suspension regulation imple- of Directors carries out the rotation of the transverse thrust relative to NACO- Mechnikov. The presence of clearances at joints a transverse thrust nedous- Timo. Therefore, preferably the use of hinges with automatic adjustment of the clearance in the process operation orientation of the vehicle, which is provided by spring force on the axis of the ball ring. Adjustable ball tips transverse thrust , where the gap in the result of wear, is selected by rotation of the tube, a compressive spring. Longitudinal traction connecting bipod with swivel lever, used primarily in the dependent sub- suspension. Ball joints posted at the end of a rod, Curling hard springs. Moreover, the loca- of hinges and springs gives the possibility of some Amor- automate impact, perceived managed stake- themselves. Steering amplifiers mounted on passenger automo- Belah high class trucks medium and heavy-duty, as well as on buses. In this case facilitated the driving, increased his mA- nevinnosti increases safety when the tyre blowout (the car can hold on a given path). Od- however, when using the amplifier increases slightly from the nose tire is deteriorating and stabilization of the steered wheels. The amplifier has the following components: • power source, pneumatic — compressor, in the power-steering pump — the hydraulic pump; • switchgear; • actuator, pneumatic or hydrocy- link, creating the necessary force. Pneumobilia currently in use red Ko. They were used on trucks a large Gro- topthemes having brake pnevmoballony. Steering car rack mechanism (Fig. 100) common on FWD vehicles Lyakh. Rack and pinion steering gear is in aluminum- the left crankcase, where the bearings mounted on the shaft-Chester- nya which engages with the rail. Rack presses- camping gear to the metal fence, who under- RATM is placed in the tube spring. Due to this, ensure lost backlash-free engagement of the pinion with the rack at all Moo its course. Move the rack in one direction is limited to- pressed on her ring and the other sleeve resi- nemetallicheskih hinge rod. The cavity of the crankcase. - on dirt corrugated rubber cover. Steering shaft connected to the shaft-gear via flexible coupling. On the top of the shaft, torque- camping in the rolling bearing, a ball spline is fixed to the steering- forest through the damper, which serves to increase the pass- passive security. The steering actuator includes a composite tail feathers thrust, which, by means of ball joints are connected with pivoting arms racks. Length of steering draught from changed using the adjusting rod with internal thread that navertyvat on the rod ends and con- Trida nuts. Change of length of steering draughts allows to adjust the toe-in. Pivot arm Privat- Ren to the telescopic pole and has a hole in which Roy mounted a bushing to install finger ball hinge. |
|||||||||