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Actuators braking systems
The mechanical brake actuator is used for STO- Nochnoy braking system due to the fact that it can to ensure high reliability in long-term action. In cars as Parking is Thor- brake mechanism mainly use the mechanisms of the ass- them wheels with lever-cable brakes . In trucks, the design of the drive depends from design and place of installation Parking brake mechanism, which can be installed in the transmission and in the Parking braking system, the mo- may used wheel brakes work whose brake system (. For example, car is applied on the drum Shoe a braking mechanism, mounted on the end of driven shaft transmission. The drive to it is short lever system, which is possible when a small distance from the control lever to the brake mechanism. Hydraulic brake actuator consists of a series of nodes and parts, the main of which are: • brake master cylinder; • wheel brake cylinders. The hydraulic brake actuator used on all passenger cars and some trucks. Brake system hydraulic simultaneously fulfilled functions under the working, reserve and auxiliary systems. For improving reliability on passenger cars and AZLK used dual hydraulic drive, which consists of two independent actuators, acting ing from one of the main brake cylinder on brake mechanisms separately front and rear wheels. Passenger the vehicles GAS for the same purpose is provided in the drive brakes the delimiter, allowing to use correct tion circuit brake system as a spare in case the crash of another path. The most simple scheme for dual-circuit hydraulic drive applied by car ) the brake master cylinder type Tandem . It has two sections with independent power supply brake Noah liquid. The front section is connected by pipeline with rear brake circuit and rear — with front. In the hydraulic drive of the working cylinders cars Predportovyi have a rubber cuff. In deviant- nom condition in the system is necessary to maintain a small large overpressure to avoid air suction and the system remained tight. In such systems, in chapters- Mr. brake cylinder be sure to install the appli- valve, a loading spring which is designed for to maintain a given overpressure. Master cylinder type Tandem return the valve is missing. When braking the bypass valves are closed, sealing the cavity Predportovyi. In this brake actuator, like most modern cars- mobiles applies brake pressure regulator, preventing against the likelihood of Hughes's rear wheels when braking. In some brake systems with hydraulic drive, COH- Yes used disc brakes on re- DNA wheels and drum on rear, drive to a disco new brakes installed valve regards LCD, which provides simultaneous start brakes tion of all wheels of the vehicle. The presence of such a valve obus- scopic so that pressing the pads in a drum tor- brake mechanisms it is necessary first to create some pressure to overcome the efforts of the tension of the springs. In dis- same for the brake releasing mechanisms such pru- the spring missing. Diagram brake actuator of the vehicle preference apply the vacuum amplifier is combined with the brake master cylinder as the other models cars. On trucks with hydraulic drive, is used as a vacuum, and pneumobilia. Consider the device the main elements of the hydraulic electric drive on the example of the braking system of the family GAZ. Brake master cylinder appears in dei- the effect from the brake pedal. The body is made together with reservoir for brake fluid. Inside the cylinder is aluminum piston with sealing rubber Vym ring. The piston moves under the action of the tol- the CATEL pivotally connected to the pedal. The bottom of the piston rests against the sealing cuff is pressed against pru- Inoi. She presses the inlet valve socket, combined with discharge. The internal cavity of the cylinder communicates with the reservoir through compensation and the wastegate hole. When the press- TII on the brake pedal under the action of the pusher piston with the cuff moves and closes compensation from- the opening, whereby the brake fluid pressure in the cylinder increases, opening the discharge valve, and the fluid goes to the brake mechanisms. When PE- dal is released, fluid pressure in the actuator decreases- Xia and it flows through pipelines back into the cylinder. The excess brake fluid through payment- the news hole is returned into the tank. At the same time a spring acting on the intake valve, is supported in si system drive a small excess pressure, and after half tion of the brake pedal is released. Wheel (working) brake drum cylinder torus brake mechanism consists of cast iron housing, inside which placed two aluminum piston with uplaty- tive rubber cuffs. In the outer ends of the por- SNA to reduce the wear of the inserted steel breadcrumbs. The cylinder on both sides is sealed by dustproof rubber grips. Brake fluid in a cavity qi eration enters through the nipples. For release the air from the brake system to the wheel brake- nom the cylinder there is a valve of prorolling protected resi- new cap. Spring thrust ring, is inserted with interference fit in the body of the cylinder, serves to adjust the gap between the pads and drum brake mechanism. During the braking pressure of the brake fluid cylinder piston moves and presses the brake block. As wear of the friction facings move of the piston during braking is increased and there comes a time when he moves his collar thrust ring, overcoming the force of his landing. In a reverse move- Institute pads under the action of tightening (releasing) spring thrust ring remains at the new location, as the spring force is insufficient to move it back. Thus, the automatic selection zoom the values of gap between the pad and the drum formed due to wear of friction facings. Hydrovac booster. The mouth- the device is based on the use of energy of rarefaction in internal pipe of the engine, allowing the creation is the additional pressure of brake fluid in the guide Pavlichenko the drive system of the brakes. This allows for relatively small efforts to brake Noah pedals, to get a significant effort to brake the mechanisms of the wheels. Hydrovac booster Power is connected by pipelines with the main brake cylinder, the intake manifold of the engine and separator brakes. The camera amplifier is vystupovanie steel body and cover, between which is clamped the diaphragm. The diaphragm is rigidly connected stem with the piston of the booster and pressed the conical por- Inoi to its original position release. In the piston the amplifier is shut-off ball valve. Top on the body of the cylinder is a valve amplifier control tion, which consists of the diaphragm, the piston and the valve. There is also a vacuum valve and associated with him with the rod of the atmospheric valve. Cavity I and II control valve are communicated to the corre- respectively with cavities III and IV camera amplifier, which che- the cut off valve connected to the exhaust manifold engine. When released the brake pedal and operating the DVI gutele in the cavities of the chamber of the amplifier there is the neg- tion, and under the action of conical springs all the details of the guide rozalinde are in the left extreme position. In mo- ment of the pedal brake liquid from the main Thor- brake cylinder flows through the ball valve in the piston of the booster to the brake mechanisms of the wheels. As increasing the pressure in the system the piston valve control ment rises, closing and opening a vacuum Atmos- Ferna valve. Atmospheric air through the filter falling- et in the IV cavity, thereby reducing it in a vacuum. Because of the cavity III the vacuum continues to maintain- Xia, the pressure difference between the cavities III and IV curves the diaphragm, compressing the spring of the amplifier, and through the rod the who- acts on the piston of the amplifier. When the piston is in force- tell feels the pressure of two forces — the liquid from the main- th brake cylinder and atmosphere of diaphrag- we, which increase the braking effect. When you release the brake pedal the fluid pressure on the control valve is reduced, the diaphragm flexes down and opens a vacuum valve communicating between an cavity III and IV. The pressure in the cavity of the IV drops, and all under- rolling equipment the details of the chamber and the cylinder of the amplifier move- Xia to the original position, is released Thor- brake mechanisms of wheels. If the booster is defective, the drive works only from the pedal to the main brake cylinder with a lower EF- the effectiveness. Pneumatic actuator of brake mechanisms on the wheels- the term hydraulic has less stringent requirements for tightness of brake system due to leakage of the fill- key air compressor when the engine is running. However, in the pneumatic actuator is much higher the complexity of the design, the pain- above dimensions and weight of devices and units. Oso- Benno became more complicated pneumatic drive system on cars with dual-circuit or multi-circuit diagram- mi, for example, in TOYOTA cars |
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