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Generator
The generator serves to supply current to all users lei electrical equipment and battery BA tarei at middle and high frequencies of rotation of a cranked of the motor shaft. The target vehicles are equipped with three-phase alternators with rectifiers on silicon o the diodes. Schematic diagram of three phase generator AC . On a steel stator with an inner side under an angle of 120° are arranged three coils K1, K2, and KZ with abmat- kami, which is connected between the star, i.e., some the ends of the windings of the coils are connected in a single point, and others displayed in the total chain of consumers. Coil with on tion in the consumer forms a phase. Within the stator rotation. dropping the magnetic rotor. During rotation of the rotor to the coils for every 120° are suitable alternately North and South poles. In this case the windings of the stator coils overlap magnetic lines, which induces change tion in the direction of the EMF, which creates an alternating current in the circuit each phase. Magnetic flux (shown in the picture Prairie victimi arrows) is closed via the stator housing. When this current, generated in any one phase, be sure to Pro- walks in the circuit of the other two phases. For one revolution of the rotor via equal intervals of time in each phase circuit is changing the direction of the current depending on the number of pairs of poles and the rotational speed of the rotor. However, alternating current cannot be used for charge the battery, so the generator set established unit rectifier consisting of six silicon o diodes that convert AC to DC. Silicon diodes have a long lifetime, the propus- cabins very small reverse current that can operate reliably in the Chi- the rock range of temperatures (from -60 to +125°) and have small dimensions and weight that allows to install- suspend them in the lid of the generator car. Schemes of work for six rectifier diodes shown in Fig. 117, V, g, where the arrows show the current path. Of the circuits it is seen that when current flows through the coils (phases) K1, K2 and KZ in any direction of current to the consumer the teli, L remains constant. All generators installed on the study vehicle bilah have the same structure and principle of action. So consider the device and the operation of the generator at as 37.3701 generator installed on car VAZ-2109. The device generator. The generator consists of the stator, rotor, brushes, rectifier unit, the electron- tion of the voltage regulator two covers, which stagevu- by using clamping bolts and the drive pulley with the fan and condenser. The stator consists of a core and coils winding. Ser- the core of the stator is made in the form of rings of from- good steel plates isolated from each other varnish. On its inner surface has teeth, which the wearing of the coil. Coil form winding STA- the Torah is divided into three phases, located on the corner 120° relative to each other. One ends of each phase interconnected at a single point, called zero, and other displays in the chain. The rotor consists of shaft on which nepresso- Wang sleeve with an excitation winding, and six pairs of electro- magnetic pole tips that create under dei the effect of the excitation winding magnetic field. On the shaft of the rotor RA has two slip rings, through which in about- ball of the excitation electric current. On contact the rings glide entirely to graphite brushes connected to the the findings and ø (p 10; 12) voltage regulator. The rotor rotates in ball bearings mounted in PE- redna and rear caps. They are filled with a special lube- coy, calculated for the entire lifetime of the generator. In connection that battery required DC, inside the back cover of the generator room puppy rectifier unit, converting alternating current DC. Rectifier unit consists of two aluminum- Nieve records pressed in them six diode- mi, which transmits electric current in only one on- the Board, i.e. creating in the DC electric- electric current (in one direction). On the plate, the rectifier- tion unit installed three additional diode. The voltage taken from these additional diodes, is for the DC supply of the rotor winding and circuit con- trol the operability of the generator using the control Lam- dust discharge of the battery, placed on the dashboard devices. The electronic voltage regulator is a non-separable and non-regulated site in which there is no ordinary tion of electromagnetic relays with contacts. In the groove of the regulator voltage is inserted into the brush Assembly — plastic brush holder with two brushes. Drive pulley with fan installed on the front the end of the rotor shaft. The fan is used for cooling the stator, rotor and rectifier. The cooling air is sucked in through the Windows in the back cover, goes inside and comes out of generator through the window of the front cover outward. To suppress radio interference and protection of e- equipment from voltage pulses in the ignition system the generator is installed on the condenser. The operation of the generator is as follows. When the ignition warning light on the instrument panel, signaling that the winding the excitation of the rotor current is supplied from the battery bat- Rei. Flowing through the field winding the current creates wok Rog poles of the rotor magnetic flux. After starting the engine La, when the rotor of the generator began to rotate, each tooth is CMA stator goes South, then the North pole of the rotor RA. Therefore, the magnetic flux passing through the teeth of the STA- the Torah, changing in strength and direction. Alternating MAG- magnetic flux crosses the stator windings induces in it EMF. AC voltage and current induced in obot- ke stator, straightened rectifier unit, and for supply is constant current, remove with the terminals of the generator. At the same time with total output up to- additional diodes is supplied rectified voltage to power the excitation winding of the rotor. Working working generator the voltage on terminal and the General conclusion of additional diodes are equal. Therefore, the control lamp shield current is not supplied and she not lit. In this case, the excitation winding of the generator powered by the rectifier at three additional diodes, and the battery is charging from the generator. If the con- control lamp lights, it indicates any problems in the vehicle- the capacity of the generator, where it gives a voltage or it is below the battery voltage. By increasing the frequency of rotation of the rotor, when the voltage proposal generator will exceed 13,7 14,5...In, with the reg- the voltage regulator stops the flow of current in obot- ku excitation of the rotor. As a result, the voltage re- generator drops, the controller again transmits the current in the winding the excitation and the process repeats. Thanks to the great cha- the frequencies of occurrence of this process, the voltage generators- RA remains almost constant in the range of 13.7 to 14.5 V.... Making and breaking the supply circuit of the winding excited by- of the generator is due to the opening and closing you- the output transistor in the regulator depending on pack- rawsausage voltage at the output of the voltage regulator. More precise control of voltage in the circuit of electric- equipment is a voltmeter located on a guard of devices. If during engine operation the arrow is located made at the beginning of the scale of the red zone, voltage, DEP- shared by generator, below normal, and if at the end of the scale — above normal. At normal voltage the arrow points located in a green area of the scale in the range of 13.7 to 14.5 V.... The alternator mounts to the engine at all and validating the car is held movably on bolts, insert into the hole tide caps with bushings. With the top side of the generator is attached to the motor via on- prolonged strap with a slot for moving the generator when adjusting the tension or replace the drive tion belt (fan belt). |
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