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Lubrication system
Depending on conditions and mode of other mechanism are different varieties and types of SMA- portation. The oils used to lubricate the engines, has to meet certain requirements: have certain Vascos- TEW, not contain mechanical impurities, water, acids and alkalis. Additives introduced into the oil, must ensure that- VAT reduced wear of friction parts (anti-wear), to eliminate metal corrosion (corrosion), pre- tatramat foaming (antifoaming) and scoring power- hot surfaces friction. Brands of oils in the letter "M" refers to motor oil. Followed by the numbers class of kinematic viscosity in cSt (Centistokes) at 100°C. Further letters group on performance properties. The lower numerical the indices 1 and 2 respectively designate oil for Carby- rotornyh and diesel engines, alphabetical indexes— - the presence of additives. For example: M-10B1 — motor oil, kinematic viscosity 10 cSt, all season, for gasoline engines. M-10Г2п — motor oil, kinematic viscosity 10 cSt, summer, for diesel engines, with additives. For automotive engines used Artemis- EN-lubrication system. Depending on the placement and conditions parts the oil is supplied either under pressure- eat, or by spraying, or by gravity. The most loaded with detail, the oil is supplied under pressure, to the OS- talinum — spray and gravity. The lubrication system is a series of devices and Agra- Gatov storage, supply, cleaning and cooling the oil: • the sump of the engine; • oil-trap; • oil filter; • the oil filter of thin clearing; • the oil pump; • oil lines; • oil cooler; • instrumentation and sensors. Consider the operation of the lubrication system of diesel engine La KAMAZ-740. The oil from the pan through malope- the receiver with the mesh filter goes in the oil section pump. From the pressure section of the oil through the channel is fed in the full flow filter and from there to the main oil mA- gistral. Then through the channels in the block and cylinder heads oil under pressure is supplied to the details of crank and timing belt, injection pump and the compressor. The scheme of system of greasing of the engine KAMAZ-740 To the connecting rod bearings the oil is supplied through the channel crankshaft from a nearby root of the neck. Support bars and pushers of gas distribution mechanism mA washed by the pulsating jet and other parts — splash-gravity oil. The oil removed from the cylinder wall oil control rings, drained through a drilling in the piston grooves inside of the piston and lubricates the piston pin support in ver- HNA the conrod eye and the piston bosses. From the main railway lubricating oil under pressure is supplied to the thermal sensor, and when you open the tap the inclusion of the fluid coupling — the fluid coupling. Of the radiator section an oil pump delivers the oil- Xia to the centrifugal filter (fine) clean and through the open th crane the inclusion of the oil cooler in the radiator, and in the sump of the engine. If the tap enable the oil cooler is closed, centrifuge (filter price troinoi clean) oil into the pan through drain- Noah valve. Insufficient oil flow to the friction parts of the engine the tell causing the loss of power, increased wear, overheating and melting bearings, Sz wrote special magical spells nivana pistons and, ultimately, the cessation of work you motor. In case of excessive feeding of the oil enters the chamber combustion, spatter contacts the candles, causing them to increase increased deposition of soot and worsens system operation ignition. Oil pump, gear type creates pressure and circulates oil in the lubrication system. Two-section oil pump consists of inside the case are two pairs of gears, forming the discharge section and radiator. Nine- Catalina section delivers the oil in the main oil mages- stroll to lubricate the engine. Radiator section takes the through the centrifugal oil filter in the oil cooler. Two gears of the pump are fixed through the veneer ku on a drive roller and two freely on the axis, pressed into the pump housing. Drive cushion oil- th pump is rotated by a helical gear, which depending on the relation to the model of the engine can be placed on re- day the end of the crankshaft or on the camshaft. During the rotation of the gear of the top section capture oil cavities between the teeth and transfer it to main oil highway of the engine. The maximum pressure in the system is limited by the reducing valve, greater tion to which a portion of the oil through the bypass valve the who- vratitsa in the sump of the engine. Oil filters. In the process of operation. - La oil pollution as a result of wear Metalli- ical particles, the products of carbon and oil coking, resulting from its combustion on the cylinder walls- the moat and parts of the engine. Mesh filter oil catch tank pre-fil- cruet of oil from mechanical impurities before its supply- tion in the pump. After leaving the pump the oil is partially or completely cleaned in filters coarse, fine or Centro- necessary cleaning. Filters installed in various co- Catania depending on the model and design lubrication systems. Many of the engines used to- additional purification of the oil by performing the excluders in connecting rod necks of a cranked shaft. Filter element plate-slotted filters coarse consists of a set of metal filters- ing plates separated by a thin metal place the tin. The fine filter has a replaceable filter element, filled with filter mass. Filter centrifugal oil purification is fight the centrifuge. The advantage of this filter is is that it in the first place delaying heavy impurities. His work easily and reliably can be checked listening to rotation of the rotor within a short time menny after stopping the engine. Full flow oil filter has two removable the filter element filled with wood flour pulveroboletus bundle. |
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