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    Power system





    The power supply system of gasoline engine
    In gasoline engines as fuel, prima-
    tween gasoline. Gasoline is a liquid legisprudence top
    fuel derived from petroleum cracking process or a direct
    by distillation.
    Gasoline must have certain properties. To
    the properties of gasoline include specific gravity, thermal
    latornell, evaporation and detonation. In addition, Ben-
    Zin must not cause corrosion of metal and a long period of time
    max to maintain their properties.
    On the tendency of a gasoline to detonation should stop
    Xia particularly. Under normal conditions of combustion of the working mixture
    the pressure in the cylinder increases smoothly. When applying
    fuel quality lower than that provided technical
    technical characteristics of the engine, and the installation is very RAS-
    him of the moment of ignition of the mixture burns at speeds up to
    2000 m/s, nearly 100 times greater than optimal. TA-
    some explosive combustion is called detonation. Slope-
    the surface of the gasoline to detonation is conventionally estimated octane
    number. The higher the octane number, the gasoline less
    prone to detonation. In a modern automotive engine
    the teli is used gasolines with octane numbers from 72 to
    98. Gasoline with a higher octane rating are used
    for engines with higher compression ratio. For the reduction of
    tion of the propensity of gasoline to detonation in it add
    ethyl fluid (poisonous in an amount up to 1 cm3 per 1 liter!
    of fuel).

    The workflow in the cylinders of the engine is very
    quickly. For example, when the rotational speed of a crankshaft
    2000 rpm, each cycle is performed at 0,015. It could
    but to ensure only when the speed of combustion of 25-30
    m/S. However, the combustion of liquid fuels is much
    slower. To increase the speed of combustion to an optimum
    values can only under the condition that the fuel be
    to milcetica particles to evaporate and carefully
    but mixed with the required amount of air.
    It has been established that the combustion of 1 kg fuel is required
    15 kg of air. This mixture is called normal. However
    at a ratio of 1:15 the complete combustion of fuel is not the origin
    walks and part of it is lost aimlessly.
    For complete combustion of the fuel, the excess who-
    the spirit and the ratio of fuel to air should be 1:18.
    Such a mixture is called lean. But in this case in re-
    the result of excess air, reduction in speed
    combustion of the fuel and, consequently, the power loss of the engine
    the tell. When the magnification ratio more than 1:18 speed
    combustion of the mixture drops sharply, which leads to further
    drop in engine power. And at a ratio of 1:20 th-
    ruca mixture in the cylinders is not ignited, and
    when the ratio of fuel to air in the mixture is less than 1:6.
    To enhance the power of engine fuels should
    burn at a speed the closest to the optimal, and
    this is possible when the ratio of fuel and air 1 : 1 3 .
    Such a mixture is called enriched. As said RA-
    her, with that mixture complete combustion of the fuel is not
    occurs and reduces the efficiency of the engine,
    but achieved its greatest power.
    In the engine running mode there are the following-
    we work:
    • the cold start of the engine;
    • work on small rotational speed of crankshaft
    (idle);
    62
    • work with partial (medium) loads;
    • work with full loads;
    • work with a sharp increase in load or frequency
    crankshaft rotation (acceleration).
    For all of these modes of engine operation, the composition of the sorrow-
    whose mixture should be different.
    The power supply system of the engine is intended for ha-
    ration and feed to the cylinders of the combustible mixture, and
    ensure the regulation of its quantity and composition.
    The power supply system of carburetor engine includes
    yourself:
    • fuel tank;
    • fuel lines;
    • fuel filters;
    • the fuel pump;
    • carburetor;
    • air filter;
    • intake manifold;
    • exhaust manifold and the pipeline;
    • the silencer exhaust.
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